Building Real-Time Collaborative Editors: CRDT vs OT
Deep technical comparison of CRDTs and Operational Transforms for building collaborative editing, with implementation trade-offs.
Building Real-Time Collaborative Editors: CRDT vs OT
The Problem
Multiple users editing the same document simultaneously. Changes must be:
- Eventually consistent across all clients
- Intention-preserving (edits don't corrupt each other)
- Low-latency (feels real-time)
Operational Transforms (OT)
How It Works
Every edit is an "operation" (insert, delete). When operations conflict, a transform function resolves them.
Pros
- Mature (Google Docs uses OT)
- Compact wire forma